However this 'approximation' may not apply with large depths of cut, such as typical of creep feed grinding, since the force line of action would be further moved along the contact length. For shallow cut surface grinding with small depths of cut, the tangential force component is oriented very close to the horizontal direction and the normal force very close to the vertical direction, as shown in Figure 5-2 (a), because the line of action of the total force between the wheel and the workpiece are very close to the location on the wheel periphery directly below the wheel axis.
For plunge grinding operations, as illustrated in Figure 5-2 for straight surface and external cylindrical grinding, the total force vector exerted by the workpiece against the wheel can be separated into a tangential component F t and a normal component F n.
5.3 GRINDING FORCES, POWER, AND SPECIFIC ENERGYįorces are developed between the wheel and the workpiece owing to the grinding action.
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